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Animal nutrition

what is nutrition?


       

                            Nutrition involves various chemical reaction and physiological processes which transform food into body tissues and . It involves the ingestion, digestion, and absorption of various nutrient, their transport to all body cells and the removal of unusable elements and waste products of metabolism


    contribution of scientist in the field of nutrition


  1. Antoine laurent de lavoisier  - Father of animal nutrition
  2. Gj.mulder -Protein as nitrogenous food
  3. Justus von Liebig  -Organic analysis of food
  4. Nathan Zuntz -Basal metabolism
  5. Oscar kellner -Starch equivalent system of energy
  6. Henry prentiss armsby -Respiratory calorimeter for farm animal
  7. Max Rubner -Energy metabolism
  8. Leonard Amby Maynard -Nutrient allownce for  farm animal
  9. Peter J Van Soest -Detergent method of fractionation 
  10. Wilbur Olin Atwater -First human respiration calorimeter

                                        Objective of nutrition

The main objective of Nutrition is provide all essential nutrients in adequate amount in optimum proportions.

                                                                    Importance of nutrition

Nutrition is important for a variety of reasons. Animals need the adequate  nutrition for growth and maintenance, productivity and to provide energy for work and vital functions. For Maintenance nutrition required for an animal to maintain its current weight. The Energy is the ability of the body to perform functions. Proper nutrition is also needed to maintain body temperature, produce milk, reproduction, and develop proper bone structures. Not proper nutrition, animals can develop health problems, which could result in treatment costs or even fatality. Good amount of  nutrition is essential for all of the systems of an animal to function and work together properly.

                        Type of animal on the basis of digestion of sources of nutrition.


 Ruminants  animals  have stomach with more than one compartment. The main components of the digestive system of ruminants are the rumen, reticulum, omasum , and abomasum. The large compartment is the rumen.  rumen compartment store large quantities of roughages, ruminants have a greater ability to process and utilize large quantities of bulky roughages. Examples of ruminants are cattle, sheep, and goats. 


 Monogastrics, also known as non ruminants animal, these animals are relatively small, simple, one compartment stomachs containing limited microorganisms. Non ruminants are better adapted to processing and utilizing concentrated feeds such as grains. Examples of monogastric are pigs, chickens, turkeys and horses.
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